Sparsh BPO Services Ltd interview questions and answers

What is Electronic Engineering how to become a good Electronic Engineer ?

Editor — Thu, 05 Aug 2021 05:42:14 +0000

Electronic engineering :

Electronics engineering is a designing order which uses non-direct and dynamic electrical segments, (for example, semiconductor gadgets, particularly transistors, diodes and incorporated circuits) to plan electronic circuits, gadgets, Microprocessors/Microcontrollers and frameworks including VHDL Modeling for Programmable rationale gadgets and FPGAs.
The control regularly additionally outlines inactive electrical parts, typically in view of printed circuit sheets.

How to Become a good Electronic Engineer

The first and most thing you should do as a starting step to be a professional engineer, is to get a degree in electronics and communication.
If you want to be a professional engineer in Embedded System design or VLSI design (two most prominent field of electronics), there are institutes like CDAC, Vector India, VEDAIIT, Maven Silicon and many more which offer short term or long term courses in these fields. Not only that you also get the advantage of being placed in any leading electronics company.
If you want to be a professional engineer in PCB designing, you need to have good working knowledge on design tools like CAD, ORCAD, and Eagle etc. You even need to have basic knowledge about PCB designing and mounting.
If you want to be a professional engineer in VLSI or chip designing, you must have working knowledge in tools like Xilinx, Magic etc and of course must have good VLSI programming skills.
It is not only the knowledge of software tools that can make you a professional engineer, but also good technical skills.
These skills can be having practical knowledge in circuit mounting, soldering or PCB designing , practical knowledge in installation of networking products like routers, switches etc, practical knowledge of working with home automation devices like PLCs or practical knowledge of operating electronic equipments like Oscilloscopes, Wave Generators, Pulse Generators etc.
As a fresher, you can apply for the position of trainee or intern at any reputed company. If you are GATE or NET qualified, you can always apply for the position of research fellowships at any Government recognized research institutes.
A fresher with good theoretical knowledge about subjects related to electronics and communication can also opt for being a technical writer in the field of electronics and communication. Remember this might prove to be a great asset in increasing your exposure to the field of electronics.

What is the difference between Rx Lev Full and Rx Lev Sub ? What you mean by Link Budget? Can you explain ?

Editor — Thu, 05 Aug 2021 05:40:10 +0000

RX Lev Full :

RX Lev Full means Mobile transmit the measurement report(SACCH multiframe) for every 480ms.
This multiframe containes 104 TDMA frames, in 104 TDMA frames 4 TDMA frames for Decode the BSIC and remaining 100 TDMA frames for Average measurment of serving cell and neighbouring cell.
This average measurment of 100 TDMA frames are RX Lev Full.

RX Lev Sub :

DTX is a discontinuous trasmission, When the mobile conversation 40% of the time either Transmitter or Receive is idle. When DTX is ON, DTX will switch off the Transmitter or Receiver when they is no speech Pulses.
Only few TDMA frames will transmit, the average of this TDMA frames is called RX Lev Sub, give you proper measurement of RX level.

Link Budget :

A link budget is accounting of all of the gains and losses from the transmitter, through the medium (free space, cable, waveguide, fiber, etc.) to the receiver in a telecommunication system.

How many mobile subscribers are come under one BTS ? and how many BTS Comes under One BSC ? how many BSC under One MSC ?

Editor — Thu, 05 Aug 2021 05:33:33 +0000

The BTS used in a GSM network comprises the radiotransmitter receivers. It is the defining element for each cell .
The BTS communicates with the mobiles and the interface between the two is known as the Um interface with its associated protocols.
The BSC forms the next stage back into the GSM network. It controls a group of BTSs, and is often co-located with one of the BTSs in its group.
It manages the radio resources and controls items such as handover within the group of BTSs, allocates channels.
It communicates with the BTSs over what is termed the Abis interface.
The main element within the core network area of the overall GSM network architecture is the Mobile switching Services Centre (MSC).
It provides registration, authentication, call location, inter-MSC handovers and call routing to a mobile subscriber.

What is the type of current used by GSM Telecom Equipment ?

Editor — Thu, 05 Aug 2021 05:31:13 +0000

Current used in GSM telecom equipment is DC current.

Explanation:

Logic is very simple. AC can’t be stored and DC can be stored.
Example : Mobile is a GSM device in which DC is used to charge the batteries.

What is GSM ?

GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) is a second-generation digital mobile telephone standard using a variation of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA).
It is used for three digital wireless telephone technologies such as CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), GSM and TDMA.
GSM digitizes and compresses voice data, then sends it down a channel with two other streams of user data, each in its particular time slot.
It works at either the 900, 1800 or 1,900MHz frequency bands.

What are the Harmful Activities of bacteria ?

Editor — Wed, 04 Aug 2021 06:37:39 +0000

There are many harmful activities of bacteria:
- Food poisoning
- Spoilage of food
- Destruction of domestic articles
- Reduction of Soil fertility
- Denitrification
- Biowar/Bioterrorism

Food poisoning:

Bacterial toxins present in food causes food poisoning.
This leads into nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort diarrhea and even death.
The food poisoning bacteria are Clostridium botulinum, Salmonella enteritis, Staphylococcus aureus etc.

Spoilage of food

Souring of milk, rotting of vegetables and meat are caused by many saprotrophic bacteria.

Destruction of domestic articles

Spirochaete cytophaga cause cellulose degradation thereby destroying textiles, wooden articles and canvas.

Reduction of Soil fertility

Denitrifying bacteria like Thiobacillus denitrificans, Micrococcus denitrificans, Pseudomonas aeroginosa convert soil nitrates and ammonia into free nitrogen and thus reduce the soil fertility.

Denitrification:

The denitrifying bacteria decompose nitrogen compound into free nitrogen.

Biowar/Bioterrorism:

The improved variety of infective agents (bioweapons) are widely been used as an agent of effective weapon of bioterrorism.
The antibiotic resistant microorganisms like Bacillusanthracis are being produced at large scale and when these are released at strategic locations, they cause acute infection of anthrax.
The spores of B. anthracis can be produced and stored in a dry from keeping them vaible for decades in storage or after release.
An attack with bioweapons (antibiotic resistant strains mould) leads to spread of communicable diseases like anthrax and plague etc.

How do Mammals take care of their Young ones ?

Editor — Wed, 04 Aug 2021 06:37:36 +0000

Mammals give birth to their young ones. The babies are fed by its mother’s milk which is fed through her breasts.
Some mammals have two breasts while some have eight or even more the mothers show intensive care towards the babies.They give them love and affection.

They eat their own babies if faced to a threat. The mothers give them warmth by lying down beside them or making pillows from dried grass and even feathers to keep the babies away from the predators they may keep the babies in a hole underground or something.
During these times the mothers are very protective that they may not even allow any other creature to pass nearby that area.

Why Some Application on Windows Platform is Working Very Slowly ?

Editor — Thu, 22 Jul 2021 07:52:05 +0000

There are various errors in windows platform they are:

- Processor overheating
- Bad RAM
- Hard disk issues
- File system issues and display options

Processor overheating

Recently Chipmakers have been working to make processors more effective, which means they generate less heat.
Now some modern processors still produce a lot of heat.

- Dust is preventing the fan from spinning smoothly.
- The fan motor has failed.
- The fan bearings are loose and jiggling.

Bad RAM

Several conditions can lead to RAM-related performance problems with a particular machine:

- RAM timing is slower than optimal machine spec.
- RAM has minor faults that appear only on detailed testing.
- RAM is overheating.

Hard disk issues

Slow access times on the affected drive.
An increasing number of bad sectors when running scandisk.
Unexplained Blue Screens.
Intermittent boot failures.
An “Imminent Hard Disk Failure” warning.

File system issues and display options

Some file systems work better than others for large disk dividers. Windows 7 should always use the NTFS file system for best performance.
Cleaning up the file system will also help speed performance. We can use the Disk Clean-up tool to:

- Remove temporary Internet files.
- Remove downloaded program files (such as Microsoft ActiveX controls and Java applets).
- Remove the Recycle Bin.
- Remove Windows temporary files such as error reports.
- Remove optional Windows components we don’t use.
- Remove installed programs you no longer use.
- Remove unused restore points and shadow copies from System Restore

To run Disk Clean-up in Windows 7, click Start and type “Disk Clean-up” in the search box. Select the drive you want to clean up.

How to solve this Problem :

Windows have corrupted in many problems we have use below steps, to overcome this issues.

Step 1: Clean boot

It will start Windows by using a minimum set of drivers and start up programs.
It will also eliminate software conflicts that could occur when you install a program, or an update , or when you run a program in Windows.

Step 2: Reset Windows Update Components

These are services that Windows Update needs to make sure it’s working effectively.

Step 3: Perform corruption fix tools

Using Command Prompt running as Administrator, we can perform these commands that can fix issues on our system itself,

CHKDSK /R 
SFC /SCANNOW
DISM /ONLINE /CLEANUP-IMAGE /RESTOREHEALTH

What is Joomla ?

Editor — Mon, 19 Jul 2021 14:55:01 +0000

What is Joomla ?

Joomla is a free and open-source Content Management System (CMS) for distributing web content.
It is built on a Model-View-Controller (MVC) web application framework that can be used individually, and the CMS that allows to build powerful online applications.
Joomla is one of the most popular website software’s.
Joomla is an independent platform, user friendly, extendable, multilingual, accessible, responsive, search engine optimized and so much more.

What is Content Management System (CMS) ?

CMS is an application (web-based), that provides capabilities for multiple users with different permission levels to manage (all or a section of) content, data or information of a website project, or intranet application.
Managing content refers to creating, editing, archiving, publishing, collaborating on, reporting, distributing website content, data and information.

Uses of Joomla

Joomla is used to whole world and millions of websites of all shapes and sizes. Joomla can be used for,
- Corporate websites or portals, intranets and extranets.
- Small business websites.
- Online magazines, newspapers, and publications.
- E-commerce and online reservations.
- Government, non-profit and organizational websites.
- Community-based, school and church websites or portals.
- Personal or family homepages.