• Compressive strength test on bricks are meted out to see the load carrying capability of bricks under compression. This test is meted out with the assistance of compression testing machine.
• Bricks are usually used for construction of load bearing masonry walls, columns and footings. These load bearing masonry structures experiences largely the compressive loads. Thus, it’s necessary to understand the compressive strength of bricks to envision for its suitableness for construction.
• Apparatus, sampling, procedure and calculations to see the compressive strength of bricks are mentioned below.
• Minimum compressive strength of brick varies for different grades of bricks
  • For Common building brick = 35kg/sq. cm
  • For second class brick = 70kg/sq. cm
  • For First class brick = 105kg/sq. cm
  • For AA class brick = not less than 140kg/sq. cm

• Meter rev constant means rev/ kwh.

• Then one rotation = 60×60/400 or 9kws.

• 2 rotations = 18kws.

• Time taken is 30s.

• Then the av load is 18/ 30 or 0.6 kw.

• To calculate whether this Energy Meter is slow or fast using this formula.

Slowness/Fastness=Tc−To/To X 100

• Yes,it surely does. Actually capacitor bank feeds the inductive load with a part of KVAR which it takes from the main power supply line.
• Hence it reduces the power demanded by the main line in other words the inductive lags the power factor and the capacitive loads improves it by supplying the certain amount of KVAR.
• Power is calculated for a 3 phase CCT as 1.73 x Voltage x Ampere x PF.
• When capacitor is connected in parallel the PF is improved but the actual current is proportionately, So we don’t see any power being consumed less.

• Stepper motors are DC motors that move in discrete steps. They have multiple coils that are organized in groups called “phases”. By energizing each phase in sequence, the motor will rotate, one step at a time. With a computer controlled stepping you can achieve very precise positioning and/or speed control.

• Permanent magnet motors use a static magnet (PM) within the rotor and operate the attraction or repulsion between the rotor PM and also the stator coil electromagnets.

• Hybrid stepper motors are named because they use a mixture of static magnet (PM) and variable reluctance (VR) techniques to attain most power in an exceedingly little package size.

• Variable Reluctance (VR) motors have a comprehensible iron rotor and operate supported the principle that minimum reluctance happens with minimum gap, hence the rotor points are attracted toward the mechanical device magnet poles.

• Short Transmission Line
• Medium Transmission Line
• Long Transmission Line

Short Transmission Line

• A transmission line having its length under 80 kilometer is taken into account as a short transmission line. In short transmission line capacitance is neglected due to little leak current and alternative parameters (resistance and inductance) ar lumped within the transmission line.

• Medium length transmission lines are “the transmission lines whose length is between 80 kilometer and 250 km”. The voltage transmission ability of those medium length transmission lines is around 20 kilovolt to 100 kilovolt.
• For a medium transmission line, charging current is substantial and due to the length of the line the shunt admittance plays a significant role in the calculation of the effective parameters of the line.
• The shunt admittance and series impedance are considered as a lumped parameter of the medium transmission line. The medium transmission line is shown below in the diagram.

• Many localized capacitance models have been used to make approximate line performance calculations. The following models are commonly used.
  • Nominal T model
  • Nominal ∏ (pi) model

• A power transmission line with its effective length of around 250 Kms or higher than is stated as an extended transmission line. The line constants area unit uniformly distributed over the whole length of line.