WHERE Clause in SQL - sql - sql tutorial - learn sql

The SQL WHERE clause is used to specify a condition while fetching the data from a single table or by joining with multiple tables.
If the given condition is satisfied, then only it returns a specific value from the table.
You should use the WHERE clause to filter the records and fetching only the necessary records.
The WHERE clause is not only used in the SELECT statement, but it is also used for

SELECT
UPDATE
DELETE

Syntax

The syntax for using WHERE in the SELECT statement is as follows:

SELECT "column_name"
FROM "table_name"
WHERE "condition";

The syntax for using WHERE in the UPDATE statement is as follows:

UPDATE "table_name"
SET "column_1" = [new value]
WHERE "condition";

The syntax for using WHERE in the DELETE statement is as follows:

DELETE FROM "table_name"
WHERE "condition";

"Condition" can include a single comparison clause (called simple condition) or multiple comparison clauses combined together using AND or OR operators (compound condition).

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Examples

We provide examples here to show how to use WHERE in the SELECT statement.

Example 1: WHERE Clause With Simple Condition

To select all stores with sales above $1,000 in Table Store_Information,

Table Store_Information

Store_Name	Sales	Txn_Date
Los Angeles	1500	Jan-05-1999
San Diego	250	Jan-07-1999
Los Angeles	300	Jan-08-1999
Boston	700	Jan-08-1999

we key in,

SELECT Store_Name FROM Store_Information  WHERE Sales > 1000;

Result:

Store_Name
Los Angeles

Example 2: WHERE Clause With OR Operator

To view all data with sales greater than $1,000 or with transaction date of 'Jan-08-1999', we use the following SQL,

SELECT *FROM Store_Information WHERE Sales > 1000 OR Txn_Date = 'Jan-08-1999';

Result:

Store_Name	Sales	Txn_Date
Los Angeles	500	Jan-05-1999
Los Angeles	300	Jan-08-1999
Boston	700	Jan-08-1999

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Using WHERE With UPDATE and DELETE

As mentioned above, the WHERE clause can be used with UPDATE and DELETE statements in addition to the SELECT statement. Examples of how to use the WHERE clause with these two commands can be seen in the UPDATE and DELETE sections.

Interview questions for where clause in SQL:

For these exercises, assume we have a table called Users with the following data:

Table Users

First_Name	Last_Name	Birth_Date	Gender	Join_Date	Total_Sales
Sophie	Lee	Jan-05-1960	F	Apr-05-2015	500
Richard	Brown	Jan-07-1975	M	Apr-05-2015	200
Jamal	Santo	Oct-08-1983	M	Apr-09-2015	350
Casey	Healy	Sep-20-1969	M	Apr-09-2015	80
Jill	Wilkes	Nov-20-1979	F	Apr-15-2015	210

Which of the following SQL statement is valid? (There can be more than one answer)

) SELECT * FROM Users WHERE Gender = 'M';

SELECT * WHERE Gender = 'M' FROM Users;

```
SELECT Gender= 'M' FROM Users; 
```

SELECT Gender FROM Users WHERE Last_Name = 'Wilkes';

Answer: a) and d)

What's the result of the following query?

	SELECT * FROM Users WHERE Join_Date = 'Apr-09-2015';

Answer: The result is,

First_Name	Last_Name	Birth_Date	Gender	Join_Date	Total_Sales
Jamal	Santo	Oct-08-1983	M	Apr-09-2015	350
Casey	Healy	Sep-20-1969	M	Apr-09-2015	80

(True or False) The condition used in the WHERE clause must include a column that is part of the SELECT clause.

Answer: False. The column used in the WHERE clause can be any column in the table. It is not necessary for the column to be part of the SELECT clause.

WHERE Clause in SQL - sql - sql tutorial - learn sql

Syntax

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Examples

Example 1: WHERE Clause With Simple Condition

Table Store_Information

Result:

Example 2: WHERE Clause With OR Operator

Result:

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Using WHERE With UPDATE and DELETE

Interview questions for where clause in SQL:

Table Users

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SQL Where Condition Sample Application

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SQL Sample Application WHERE

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