• There are many harmful activities of bacteria:
  • Food poisoning
  • Spoilage of food
  • Destruction of domestic articles
  • Reduction of Soil fertility
  • Denitrification
  • Biowar/Bioterrorism

• Bacterial toxins present in food causes food poisoning.
• This leads into nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort diarrhea and even death.
• The food poisoning bacteria are Clostridium botulinum, Salmonella enteritis, Staphylococcus aureus etc.

• Souring of milk, rotting of vegetables and meat are caused by many saprotrophic bacteria.

• Spirochaete cytophaga cause cellulose degradation thereby destroying textiles, wooden articles and canvas.

• Denitrifying bacteria like Thiobacillus denitrificans, Micrococcus denitrificans, Pseudomonas aeroginosa convert soil nitrates and ammonia into free nitrogen and thus reduce the soil fertility.

• The denitrifying bacteria decompose nitrogen compound into free nitrogen.

• The improved variety of infective agents (bioweapons) are widely been used as an agent of effective weapon of bioterrorism.
• The antibiotic resistant microorganisms like Bacillusanthracis are being produced at large scale and when these are released at strategic locations, they cause acute infection of anthrax.
• The spores of B. anthracis can be produced and stored in a dry from keeping them vaible for decades in storage or after release.
• An attack with bioweapons (antibiotic resistant strains mould) leads to spread of communicable diseases like anthrax and plague etc.

• Mammals give birth to their young ones. The babies are fed by its mother’s milk which is fed through her breasts.
• Some mammals have two breasts while some have eight or even more the mothers show intensive care towards the babies.They give them love and affection.

• They eat their own babies if faced to a threat. The mothers give them warmth by lying down beside them or making pillows from dried grass and even feathers to keep the babies away from the predators they may keep the babies in a hole underground or something.
• During these times the mothers are very protective that they may not even allow any other creature to pass nearby that area.

• Error message : Cannot convert null to int because it is a non-nullable value type(or) INVALID use of NULL.

• Create an ADODB connection object which is required step for connecting to database as below.

Authentication using Id, Password and details.

• • Provider: For SQL server database the provider is “sqloledb”
  • Server: Open the SQL Server in your machine and Right click on the required Database/ click on properties.

• Click on “View connection Properties”

• User Name and Server details are required from this dialogue box

• objConnection.open “provider=sqloledb; Server=SDWA-160-PC; User Id=SDWA-160; Password=; Database=sample; Trusted_Connection=Yes”
• Hence, Connection setup completed and ready for execution.

• Enter the required SQL query to be executed.
• Execution of the query with the statement below.

• The above mentioned sample script has been executed and the value from the database is retrieved.

• Strong project management skills.
• Good Communication.
• SQL is easy to learn a most of analytics skills.
• Decent grasp Python-Pandas or R to do data crunching and manipulation.
• Based on Good visualization skills (start by checking out CSS color palettes).
• The Tableau or Power BI come at the very end of the analytics pipeline, it’s good you have an overall grasp.

• Power BI stores all the uploaded data into Azure BLOB and Azure SQL Database.
• Both databases are only accessible by an Admin user, which means that end-users cannot access the database, eliminating user-level security.
• Now this data is on the Microsoft cloud and when it comes to their security, there isn’t much to explain except to say that the data is 100% secured.

• • Power BI Service
  • Power BI Desktop

• Cloud SaaS is called the Power BI service for accessing the cloud service.

• Power BI Desktop was an free application that works in joining together with the Power BI Service.
• Power Bi Desktop allows you to do the following.

• • Get the data from collection of unlike sources.
  • Create relationships between your data and to end with fine or desirable qualities of your data model.
  • Then Create and save your reports.
  • And Upload or publish your reports.

• The reports created using Power BI Desktop then published in Power BI Service right from the Power BI Desktop application.
• Using both Power BI Service and Power BI Desktop the cost is free.

• Power BI will not accept files larger than 1GB.
• Power BI reports and dashboards cannot accept or pass user, account or other entity parameters.
• This makes it impossible to create entity specific dashboards such as a dashboard for an account, opportunity, case, or campaign.
• Very few data sources that permit real-time connections to Power BI reports and dashboard.
• Users have the same email domains listed with your office 365 tenant can only be shared dashboards and reports.
• The integration to Dynamics CRM is limited.

• Minimal upfront costs.
• View Power BI reports across multiple platforms and devices.
• Consolidate multiple data sources through Power BI.
• Instantly share dashboards.Like
  • Spark
  • Hadoop
  • Google Analytics
  • SAP
  • Salesforce
  • MailChimp
• Drag-and-drop functionality.
• Drill-down functionality.
• Schedule Data Refresh.
• Write simple sentences to run report queries.

• It has implements built-in connectors that allow Power BI tools to connect with a many different data sources from Microsoft, Salesforce and other vendors.

• It allows us to create subsets of data and it automatically apply analytics for data.

• It is especially popular on mobile devices, allows us to verbally query data and access results.

• It allows developers to change the appearance of default visualization and reporting tools and import new tools into the platform.

• It gives developers with Application programming interface(APIs) and sample code for integrating the Power BI dashboard into various software outcome.

• Power BI is a group of software applications, services and connectors.
• It combined work to change separate fields of data into visually absorp, logical and interconnected intuition.
• Whatever your data was a simple Excel spreadsheet or a group of cloud-based and on-premises combined data warehouses.

• It permits to easily connect your data sources, visualize and share what you want to anyone or everyone.
• By using Power BI as it automatically extracts data from all sources and brings that to a unified viewing pane and can analyze and visualize data, cooperate with our team to build reports and share the reports with people have plan.

• Joomla is a free and open-source Content Management System (CMS) for distributing web content.
• It is built on a Model-View-Controller (MVC) web application framework that can be used individually, and the CMS that allows to build powerful online applications.
• Joomla is one of the most popular website software’s.
• Joomla is an independent platform, user friendly, extendable, multilingual, accessible, responsive, search engine optimized and so much more.

• CMS is an application (web-based), that provides capabilities for multiple users with different permission levels to manage (all or a section of) content, data or information of a website project, or intranet application.
• Managing content refers to creating, editing, archiving, publishing, collaborating on, reporting, distributing website content, data and information.

• Joomla is used to whole world and millions of websites of all shapes and sizes. Joomla can be used for,
  • Corporate websites or portals, intranets and extranets.
  • Small business websites.
  • Online magazines, newspapers, and publications.
  • E-commerce and online reservations.
  • Government, non-profit and organizational websites.
  • Community-based, school and church websites or portals.
  • Personal or family homepages.

• Yes, we can define constructor in Servlet class.
• Constructor may be a Default Constructor or Parameterised Constructor. If we didn’t write any constructor then the default constructor will be executed. Because, to read init parameters of a servlet we need servlet config object in the life cycle of the servlet.
• Servlet config object is created after the execution of the constructor.

• Wind is horizontal movement of air from an area of HIGH pressure to an area of LOW pressure.
• There are two types of winds:
  • local winds
  • global winds
• Both local and global winds are caused by differences in air pressure due to incapable heating of the Earth’s surface and air above it.

• Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) is the most ideal approach to be brilliant about composition and distributing your business content.
• DITA is an open standard that portrays the engineering for making and overseeing data that isolates the substance from the arranging, takes into account a progressively streamlined substance creation process, and opens up the potential outcomes of acquainting less difficult methods for distributing with new advancements, as for cell phones. IBM, which created DITA initially, characterizes DITA as pursues:
• The Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) is a XML-based, end-to-end design for composing, creating, and conveying specialized data.
• This engineering comprises of a lot of structure standards for making “data composed” modules at a subject dimension and for utilizing that content in conveyance modes, for example, online help and item bolster entryways on the Web.

• The information put away in your documentation has esteem.
• What’s more, whatever has an incentive to the association can be treated as an advantage. Making and afterward leaving that data inside a Word or PowerPoint record seriously constrains what you can do with it, and whatever you can do, you need to utilize manual, kludge approaches to do it.
• Making records with conventional instruments in static documents is a wasteful method for composing, refreshing, sharing, and dealing with your data.
• DITA is a general methodology that illuminates that wastefulness.
• DITA emphatically influences your substance in three principle ways;
• It streamlines your substance creation process expands the nature of your substance by institutionalizing it enables you to use your substance in a wide range of ways (reusing it, distributing to numerous configurations, deciphering it effectively)
• Despite the fact that there are numerous advantages to DITA, everything comes down to a certain something: being proficient with your substance so you can spare time and cash.

• DITA is certainly not a specific device. A wide range of apparatuses enable you to creator in DITA. Truth be told, choosing your instrument set is a piece of the procedure of DITA selection.
• DITA isn’t a layout, in spite of the fact that writers regularly use formats to make it considerably quicker and less demanding to compose.
• DITA isn’t a style direct, despite the fact that creators surely advantage from one, with or without DITA content.

• Try not to give the XML a chance to part of DITA alarm you.
• It’s simply the engineering underneath your substance. Each bit of substance gets put away inside labels-titles, sections, requested records-whatever you have to arrange your substance into a characterized set of theme types.
• DITA has a lot of guidelines that state what labels are permitted where, which gives you institutionalization of your substance.
• DITA XML at last completes three things.
• DITA XML composes your substance into points.
• Not all XML does this, but rather DITA has a center arrangement of theme types so you can put the correct kind of data in the correct subject sort, bringing about exceptionally usable substance.
• Consider subjects and even the XML inside themes like Lego® squares. You use them in different approaches to fabricate what you require. At last, they meet up to make more than the individual parts.
• XML isolates content from configuration, making it compact and adaptable. Your words and your arrangement are never again consolidated, which implies they can be overseen and refreshed autonomously.
• For instance, if your marking changes and you have to refresh the text dimension, shading, and style in the entirety of your archives, this will be a focal, once change for any substance put away without organization (in XML).
• XML enables the substance to be changed into numerous different arrangements. A great many people creator in XML and after that distribute to PDF, HTML, and either portable or ePub.
• It’s additionally conceivable to distribute to places you wouldn’t anticipate, similar to Open Office, Excel, and PowerPoint. You’re constrained just by your creative energy.

• Lazy write is an effect caused by the use of a write-back cache. In a write-back cache, data is first written to the cache and then is later (during a particular time such as an idle machine cycle) is written to the disk or memory.
• This type of cache is more complex to implement, due to the need to track each locations that have been written over and what needs to be marked as dirty to fix later.

Lazy writer in Memory

• Lazy writer is a thread which is present for each NUMA node (and every instance has at least one) that scans through the buffer cache associated with that node.
• The lazy writer thread sleeps for a specific interval of time, and when it wakes up, it examines the size of the free buffer list.
• If the list is below a certain threshold, which depends on the total size of the buffer pool, the lazy writer thread scans the buffer pool to repopulate the free list.
• As buffers are added to the free list, they are also written to disk if they are dirty.
• So if there is no memory pressure and memory notification is stable it sleeps
• The sole purpose of Lazy Writer is to maintain some free buffers in the SQL Server Buffer Pool.
• Lazy writer runs periodically and check which buffers can be flushed and returned to the free pool.
• So even SQL Server is not under memory pressure, it will also work regularly.

• The inner query is executed only once.
• The inner query will get executed first and the output of the inner query used by the outer query.
• The inner query is not dependent on outer query.

• The outer query will get executed first and for every row of outer query, inner query will get executed.
• So the inner query will get executed as many times as number of rows in result of the outer query.
• The outer query output can use the inner query output for comparison. This means inner query and outer query dependent on each other.

SELECT Employee_name,dept_id 
FROM Employee
WHERE Employee_name IN (SELECT Employee_name FROM dept WHERE Employee.dept_id=dept.dept_id);

• • The union operator combines the results of two or more queries into a single result set. But no.of columns must match in both/all the queries (and also the order) which are used for union.
  • We can union two tables irrespective of common field.
  • The UNION set operator is used for combining data from two tables which have columns with the same datatype.
    • Union – Returns with no duplicate rows.
    • Union all – Retruns with duplicate rows (No. of rows returned = No. of rows in Query1 + No. of rows in Query 2).

• We cannot use the union operator within a create view statement.
• We cannot use the union operator on text and image columns.

• Joins are used to extract information from more than one table based on the related column/coloums (PK and RFK) any no. of rows can be retrived based on matching colums.
• We can join two tables by ‘join’ if they have common field.
• A Join is used for displaying columns with the same or different names from different tables.
• Different types of joins are Inner join=equi join=join , outer join (Right outer join/right join, Left outer join / left join), Cross join , and full outer join/outer join.
• We can use join operator within a create view statement.
• We can use the join operator on text and image columns.

• SQLcode -501 pops up to show that , the Cursor identified in fetch or close statement is not opened.

• SQL error code means it return codes that are preceded by a minus sign (-) indicate that the SQL statement execution was unsuccessful.
  • If SQLCODE = 0, execution was successful.
  • If SQLCODE > 0, execution was successful with a warning.
  • If SQLCODE < 0, execution was not successful.
  • SQLCODE = 100, “no data” was found.