ecare technology labs interview questions and answers - Wikitechy

What is Authorization ?

Editor — Sat, 17 Jul 2021 20:15:35 +0000

What is Authorization ?

Authorization is a security mechanism to determine access levels or user/client privileges related to system resources.
Including files, services, computer programs, data and application features.
This is the process of granting or denying access to a network resource which allows the user access to various resources based on the user’s identity.
There are two types of authorization
- Server-side Authorization
- Client-side Authorization

Server-side Authorization

The server has three authorization modes. Depending on the authorization mode we choose, the server will decide if it accepts or declines an incoming invocation.

None

This is the simplest type of authorization. No authorization will be performed.

Self

A client will be allowed to use a grid service if the client’s identity is the same as the service’s identity.

Gridmap

A gridmap is a list of ‘authorized users’ akin to an ACL (Access Control List).
When this type of authorization is used, only the users that are listed in the service’s gridmap may invoke it.

Client-side Authorization

This allows the client to figure out when it will allow a grid service to be invoked.
This might seem like an odd type of authorization, since authorization is generally seen from the server’s perspective (“Do I allow client FOO to connect to grid service BAR?”).
However, in GSI, clients have every right to be picky about the services they can access.

None

No authorization will be performed.

Self

The client will authorize an invocation if the service’s identity is the same as the client.
If we use both client-side and server-side Self authorization, a service can be invoked if and only if its identity matches the client’s.

Host

The client will authorize an invocation if the host returns an identity containing the hostname.
This is done using host certificates.

How to make linked list program for the given list ?

Editor — Tue, 13 Jul 2021 17:24:03 +0000

How to make linked list program for the given list ?

Linked List is a type of Linear Data Structure that is mostly used data structure after array, which allocates memory dynamically at run time that is it doesn’t require any size initialization as in case of array.
Linked List stores data in the forms of nodes, which is divided into two parts, first part stores the data and second part points to the next node by storing the address of that node.
We have first node which contains Data and Address to next node, and similarly second and third node forming a chain.

Syntax

To create code, pattern required is:

LinkedList<String> linkedList=new LinkedList<String>()

Sample Code in Java

import java.util.Iterator;

import java.util.LinkedList;					

public class LinkedListDemo 
{

  public static void main (String[] args) {

  LinkedList linkedList=new LinkedList();

  linkedList.add("java");

  linkedList.add("Is");

  linkedList.add("High");

  linkedList.add("Level");

  linkedList.add("Language");

  Iterator itr=linkedList.iterator();

  while(itr.hasNext())
  {

   System.out.print(itr.next());

   System.out.print("\t");

  }

 }

}

Output

java Is High Level Language

What is the main difference between c and c++ ?

Editor — Mon, 12 Jul 2021 19:49:01 +0000

1. What is the main difference between c and c++ ?

C	C++
C is a structured programming language.	C++ is an object oriented programming language.
C language is not in solving the real time problem.	C++ works well in solving real time problem.
Polymorphism is not possible.	Polymorphism is used in C++.
In C, malloc() and calloc() Functions are used for Memory Allocation and free() function for memory Deallocating.	C++, new and delete operators are used for Memory Allocating and Deallocating.
Operator overloading is not possible in C.	Operator overloading is one of the greatest Feature of C++.
No namespace Feature is present in C Language.	Namespace Feature is present in C++ for avoiding Name collision.
scanf() function used for input and printf() function used for output.	Cin function used for input and Cout funtion used for output.
Polymorphism, Operator Overloading Concept is not possible in C.	Polymorphism, Operator Overloading Concept is the most important feature in C++.
C requires all the variables to be defined at the starting of a scope.	C++ allows the declaration of variable anywhere in the scope i.e at time of its First use.
Exception Handling is not present in C.	Exception Handling is done with Try and Catch block.