Coinbase Transaction

A coinbase transaction is that the first transaction during a block. it's a unique type of bitcoin transaction which will be created by a miner.
The miners use it to collect the block reward for their work and the other transaction fees collected by the miner also are sent during this transaction.

Explanation

Each transaction executed on the bitcoin network are combined together to make a block. When a block is made, immediately, it'll be added within the blockchain. Now, these blocks are immutable and tamper-proof for all transactions that are made on the bitcoin network. Each block must contain one or more transactions, and therefore the first transaction within the block is named the coinbase transaction.

The miners are always liable for creating a block. When a block is successfully created, he will be rewarded from bitcoin for their work. The bitcoin block reward is usually dependent on the number of blocks from the genesis block and therefore the number of fees included within the transactions of the block. The entire amount of rewards that a miner will collect is that the sum of the block reward and therefore the transaction fees taken from all the transactions that are included within the block.
In the start of the bitcoin, the block reward is 50 bitcoin per block. The block reward is reduced by half after every 210, 000 blocks, i.e. approximately in every four years. The present reward for successfully creating a block is 12.5 bitcoin. It'll be getting to get reduced 6.25 bitcoin per block within the year 2020.
There is one important feature of a coinbase transaction is that bitcoins involved within the transaction can't be spent until they need received at least 100 block confirmations within the blockchain.