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 features of java

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  • The features are given by,
    • Simple
    • Object-Oriented
    • Portable
    • Platform independent
    • Secured
    • Robust
    • Architecture neutral
    • Dynamic
    • Interpreted
    • High Performance
    • Multithreaded
    • Distributed

Simple

  • According to Sun, Java language is simple because:
    • Java syntax is based on C++ (so easier for programmers to learn it after C++).
    • Java removed many confusing and/or rarely-used features e.g., explicit pointers, operator overloading etc.
    • No need to remove unreferenced objects because there is Automatic Garbage Collection in java.

Object-oriented

  • Object-oriented programming (OOP) refers to a type of computer programming (software design) in which programmers define not only the data type of a data structure, but also the types of operations (functions) that can be applied to the data structure.
  • Basic concepts of OOPs,
    • Object
    • Class
    • Inheritance
    • Polymorphism
    • Abstraction
    • Encapsulation
 oop

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Platform Independent

  • A platform is the hardware or software environment in which a program runs. There are two types of platforms one is software-based another one is hardware-based. The Java platform differs from most other platforms in the sense that it is a software-based platform that runs on the top of other hardware-based platforms. It has two components:
    • Runtime Environment
    • API(Application Programming Interface)
  • The Java code can be running on multiple platforms like Windows, Linux, Sun Solaris, and Mac/OS and so on.
  • This code is compiled by the compiler and then converted it into a bytecode.
  • This bytecode is platform-independent code since it can be running on multiple platforms i.e. Write Once and Run Anywhere (WORA).
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 platform independent in java

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Secured

  • Java is secured because,
    • No explicit pointer
    • Java Programs run within virtual machine sandbox
    • Classloader: it includes security by isolating the package for the classes of the local file system from those are imported from network sources.
    • Bytecode Verifier: it checks the code fragments for illegal code that can violate access correct to objects.
    • Security Manager: it determines what resources a class can access, for example, reading and writing to the local disk.
  • These securities are given by java language. Some security can likewise be given by application developer through SSL, JAAS, and Cryptography and so on.
 java security

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Robust

  • Robust simply means strong. Java uses strong memory management. There is lack of pointers that avoids security problem.
  • There is automatic garbage collection in java.
  • In Java exception handling and type checking mechanism are available. These all make java robust.

Architecture-neutral

  • There are no implementation dependent features (e.g. size of primitive types is fixed).
  • In C programming, int data type occupies two bytes of memory for 32-bit architecture and four bytes of memory for 64-bit architecture. However in java, it occupies four bytes of memory for both 32 and 64 bit architectures.

Portable

  • We may carry the java bytecode to any platform.

High-performance

  • The Java programming language is quicker than traditional interpretation whereas the byte code is "close" to local code still slower than compiled language like C++.

Distributed

  • You can make distributed applications in java. The RMI and EJB are used for making distributed applications.
  • We might access files by calling the methods from several machine on the internet/web.

Multi-threaded

  • Thread is similar to a separate program, it executing concurrently. You can write Java codes that deal with lots of tasks at only once by defining multiple threads.
  • The most important benefit of multi-threading is, it couldn’t occupies memory for each thread and it shares a common memory area to every thread. Threads are important for multi-media, Web applications and so on.

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