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What is JDBC in Java ?

  • JDBC stands for Java Database Connectivity, is an Application Program Interface (API) specification for connecting the programs which are written in Java language .
  • The API lets you encode access request statements in Structured Query Language (SQL) that are passed to the program and manages the database.
  • It returns the results through a similar interface. JDBC is same as SQL Access Group's Open Database Connectivity (ODBC) and through a small "bridge" program.
  • For example, you can write a program designed to access several popular database products on a number of operating system platforms.
  • While accessing a database on a computer that is running Microsoft's Windows 2000 and, for example, your program with JDBC statements will be able to access the Microsoft Access database.
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Why we need to JDBC

  • The JDBC, ODBC API was the database API to connect and then to execute query with database.
  • However, ODBC API uses ODBC driver that is written in C language (i.e. platform dependent as well as unsecured).
  • That is why Java has defined its own JDBC API that uses JDBC drivers (written in Java Programming language).

What is API

  • The API is a specific set of rules and specifications that software programs will follow to communicate with each other.
  • It is an interface between different software programs and facilitates their interaction, similar to the user interface facilitates their interaction between humans and PC.
  • For example on your mobile phone, the application connects to the Internet and sends data to a server.
  • The server then retrieves that data will interprets it, performs the essential actions and sends it back to your phone.
  • The application then interprets the data and presents you with the information you wanted in a readable way. All of this happens via API.
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